<dependency> <groupId>com.oracle</groupId> <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <scope>system</scope> <systemPath>d:/Path/To/Oracle/JDBC/ojdbc8.jar</systemPath> </dependency>
jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:@<database>
jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:<user>/<password>@<database>
drivertype
can be thin, oci or kprb.database
can be in the form of hostname:port:SID
or a TNSNAMES
entry listed in the file tnsnames.ora
reside on the client computer. The default port is 1521.Driver type | Usage | drivertype |
Thin Driver | For client-side use without an Oracle installation | thin |
OCI Driver | For client-side use with an Oracle installation | oci |
Server-Side Thin Driver | Same as Thin Driver, but runs inside an Oracle server to access a remote server | thin |
Server-Side Internal Driver | Runs inside the target server | kprb |
tiger
with password scott
to an Oracle database with SID productDB
through default port on host dbHost
using the Thin Driver, you can construct the URL as follows:String url = “jdbc:oracle:thin:tiger/scott@dbHost:1521:productDB”If using the OCI Driver:
String url = “jdbc:oracle:oci:tiger/scott@localhost:1521:productDB” String url = “jdbc:oracle:oci:tiger/scott@dbHost:1521:productDB”If you have a
TNSNAMES
entry productionDB
in the tnsnames.ora
file, you can construct the URL as follows:String url = “jdbc:oracle:oci:@productionDB”For the Server-Side Thin Driver, use the same URL as the Thin Driver.For the Server-Side Internal Driver, use the following URLs:
String url = "jdbc:oracle:kprb:" String url = "jdbc:default:connection:"Because in that environment, the driver actually runs within a default session, and the client is always connected so the connection should never be closed.
DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver());or:
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver");NOTE:Since Java 6 (JDBC 4.0), registering the driver explicitly as above becomes optional. As long as we put the ojdbc10.jar file in the classpath, JDBC driver manager can detect and load the driver automatically.
With JDBC, we can establish a database connection by calling the method getConnection() of the DriverManager class. There are three versions of this method:
So we can have three ways for making a connection as follows:
Using only database URL for everything
In this method, we specify all connection properties in a single URL string, for example:
String dbURL = "jdbc:oracle:thin:tiger/scott@localhost:1521:productDB"; Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL); if (conn != null) { System.out.println("Connected"); }
That uses the Thin Driver to connect the user tiger with password scott to the database SID productDB running on the same machine through the default port 1521.
Using database URL, username and password
In this method, we pass the username and password as additional arguments to the method getConnetion(), for example:String dbURL = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:productDB"; String username = "tiger"; String password = "scott"; Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL, username, password);
Using database URL and Properties object
In this method, we use a java.util.Properties object to hold username, password and other additional properties. For example:String dbURL = "jdbc:oracle:oci:@ProductDB"; Properties properties = new Properties(); properties.put("user", "scott"); properties.put("password", "tiger"); properties.put("defaultRowPrefetch", "20"); Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL, properties);In this example, we are using the OCI Driver with a TNSNAMES entry ProductDB, and specifying an additional property defaultRowPrefetch which is the number of rows to prefetch from the server.
package net.codejava.jdbc; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.Properties; /** * This program demonstrates how to make database connection with Oracle * database server. * @author www.codejava.net * */ public class JdbcOracleConnection { public static void main(String[] args) { Connection conn1 = null; Connection conn2 = null; Connection conn3 = null; try { // registers Oracle JDBC driver - though this is no longer required // since JDBC 4.0, but added here for backward compatibility Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"); // METHOD #1 String dbURL1 = "jdbc:oracle:thin:tiger/scott@localhost:1521:productDB"; conn1 = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL1); if (conn1 != null) { System.out.println("Connected with connection #1"); } // METHOD #2 String dbURL2 = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:productDB"; String username = "tiger"; String password = "scott"; conn2 = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL2, username, password); if (conn2 != null) { System.out.println("Connected with connection #2"); } // METHOD #3 String dbURL3 = "jdbc:oracle:oci:@ProductDB"; Properties properties = new Properties(); properties.put("user", "tiger"); properties.put("password", "scott"); properties.put("defaultRowPrefetch", "20"); conn3 = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL3, properties); if (conn3 != null) { System.out.println("Connected with connection #3"); } } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } catch (SQLException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (conn1 != null && !conn1.isClosed()) { conn1.close(); } if (conn2 != null && !conn2.isClosed()) { conn2.close(); } if (conn3 != null && !conn3.isClosed()) { conn3.close(); } } catch (SQLException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } } }That's Java code example for making connection to Oracle database server. For visual howtos, watch the following video: