This post lists JDBC database URLs for common databases so you can refer when programming database in Jjava.

You know, when working with a database system via JDBC, the following information is required for making connection to the database:

    •             Driver class name: is name of the class that implements java.sql.Driver interface. The JDBC’s driver manager needs to load this class in order to work with the database driver.
    •             Database URL: a string that contains information about the database to connect to and other configuration properties. This string has its own format and is varied among different databases.
For reference, this article provides a summary of JDBC’s database connection URLs for the most common databases including MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle, PostgreSQL, Apache Derby (Java DB), SQLite and H2.

 

1. JDBC Database URL for MySQL 

    • Driver class name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    • Format of database URL:

           jdbc:mysql://[host][,failoverhost...][:port]/[database]

           [?propertyName1][=propertyValue1][&propertyName2][=propertyValue2]...

 

See more information about MySQL connection properties.

    • Examples:
      • jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
      • jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?user=root&password=secret
  

2. JDBC Database URL for SQL Server

    • Driver class name: com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
    • Format of database URL:

 jdbc:sqlserver://[serverName[\instanceName][:portNumber]][;property=value[;property=value]]

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;integratedSecurity=true;

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost\\sqlexpress;integratedSecurity=true

jdbc:sqlserver://localhost\\sqlexpress;user=sa;password=secret

  

3. JDBC Database URL for Oracle

    • Driver class name: oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
    • Format of database URL:

jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:@<database>

jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:<user>/<password>@<database>

where drivertype can be thin, oci or kprb.

    • Examples:

jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:thin:root/secret@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:oci:@hoststring

jdbc:oracle:oci:@localhost:1521:testdb

jdbc:oracle:oci:root/secret@hoststring>

Jdbc:oracle:oci:root/secret@localhost:1521:testdb

 

4. JDBC Database URL for PostgreSQL

    • Driver class name: org.postgresql.Driver
    • Format of database URL:

jdbc:postgresql:database

jdbc:postgresql://host/database

jdbc:postgresql://host:port/database

jdbc:postgresql:testdb

jdbc:postgresql://localhost/testdb

jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/testdb

 

 

5. JDBC Database URL for JavaDB (Apache Derby)

    • Driver class name: org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver
    • Format of database URL:
         jdbc:derby:[subsubprotocol:][databaseName][;attribute=value]*

where subsubprotocol can take one of the following values: directory (default), memory, classpath, and jar.

 

6. JDBC Database URL for SQLite

Because there is no official JDBC driver for SQLite from www.sqlite.org, the following information is applied for a SQLite JDBC driver provided by www.xerial.org.

    • Driver class name: org.sqlite.JDBC
    • Format of database URL:

jdbc:sqlite:database_file_path

 

Where database_file_path points to relative path or absolute path of a SQLite database file.

Syntax for in-memory SQLite database:

 

jdbc:sqlite::memory:

jdbc:sqlite:

 



 

NOTE: From JDBC 4.0, loading the driver class explicitly is no longer needed, so you don’t need to care about the driver class name.

 

7. JDBC Database URL for H2

Driver class name: org.h2.Driver

Database URLs for Embedded Mode:

  • jdbc:h2:~/test('test' database in user home directory)
  • jdbc:h2:/data/test('test' database in /data directory - Unix)
  • jdbc:h2:D:/data/test ('test' database in D:/data directory - Windows)
  • jdbc:h2:./test ('test' datase in current directory)
 

Database URLs for In-Memory Mode:

  • jdbc:h2:mem:test (multiple connections in one process)
  • jdbc:h2:mem: (unamed private; one connection)
 

Database URLs for Server Mode:

  • jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test ('test' database in user home)
  • jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost//data/test ('test' database in /data directory - Unix)
  • jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/D:/data/test ('test' database in D:/data directory - Windows)
 

Related JDBC Tutorials:


About the Author:

is certified Java programmer (SCJP and SCWCD). He started programming with Java in the time of Java 1.4 and has been falling in love with Java since then. Make friend with him on Facebook and watch his Java videos you YouTube.



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#1Sean Burke2020-10-30 15:00
The SQLite JDBC driver from xerial.org is now available at github.com/xerial/sqlite-jdbc/releases
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